The continuities and changes in the patterns of western development from 1700 c.e. to 1900c.e. was brought upon by a change in economy, which influenced changes in society and politics.This in turn changed the societies, economies, and politics of the rest of the world. Economics put England to the top and was one of the main reasons for the british imperialism in India, Sycranisation in colonies changed society all throughout the world, and the french revolution inspired political change all throughout Europe, as well as the growing political power England had over India and colonies they owned.The continuity of this time period was the way Europe stayed the most powerful even as different powers from around the world rose such as the United States.
The rise of british industrialisation starting from the 1750's changed England's economy greatly so that they eventually became top-dogs. The economy brought about more factories and further advances in technology, and these improvements caused a great population boom. Through british imperialism in india the economy improved even further, as India was a great source of raw materials and as a market for goods and investments.The impact that Europe had on the world economically speaking was as Europe conqured and colonized throughout the world, the settler societies that were most powerful, like the United States, grew as well in the world economy. Also, when England became utilitarian and had the best economic system in the world, since no one could compete with them they had no problem spreading the wealth an allowing other countires in on their system.
Through British imperalism in India, England rewrote the entire country's society. They enforced english-style education in the school system,prevented the ritual widow-burning ceremony, and enforced their own moral beliefs and values wherever they colonized. England created a lot of sycranization throught many of their colonies, and created social heirarchies that put the British on top into their colonies. It is noted that societies where women were more or less equal were changed to women having a lesser status once the christian mercinaries ot through with them.That takes care of how Europe influenced the world society-wise. Economy over in England changed their own society as well. By the 1900's, the entire coutry was egalitarian so everyone was more or less equal. Visitors were surprised to find no beggars and theives running around.(Politics also had an effect on society because once economy was up, politics improved, people respected poitics more, so that they could control crime rate.) No one was really poor, and little changes in behavior such as outings occured. Also, rise in social equality in women appeared in England as well as the United states.
By 1789, France was more vastly intellectual and socially aware, but stifled because of their economic problems, where all of the money went to the nobility and none for the peasants. Men started to believe in the equality of men, not heirarchys and aristrocrats. They wanted a Democracy, and a great revolution followed in which eventually the monarchy was overthrown and France settled a Democracy. This act sparked something within many of the other countries in Europe, including Germany. hey all wanted equal ights too. Because of the French revolution, by 1900 almost all of the monarchies in Euroe were overthrown. Now back in England, or rather, India, the British soon had full political control over India. The British center of control was Madras, Bombay, and Calcutta, and Indian leaders had to report to British administrators. England also conqured Egypt and other countries, and had an effect on settler society's politics.
The continuity of this time period was that even though through colonization new countries and power were rising, Europe and most importantly, the british still remained the most powerful in the world.
Monday, November 16, 2009
Monday, November 9, 2009
dbq for education
Leaders in Europe, the United States and Japan justified the expansion of education by claiming that education provided people with good moral and intellectual skills which then helped their societies, and that improved government.
Women were always seen as either wives or potential wives. However, through education, women possessed the intelligence that changed how men viewed them in society. Once they were equal intellectually to men, they were also viewed as being more useful and independent. Doc 1
People once claimed that women shouldnt be offered the right to an education because they think differently than men. However, the men and women with the drive and desire to learn were going to be leading the future. And the intelligent women would be giving birth to the children of the future.Education was considered to give people important qualities such as wisdom, moral power,and dignity;qualities that were for the "survival of the fittest". Education was going to improve society. Doc3
People who possesed an education were considered wise, they persued learning and the arts,ad promoted common interest. People with an education had an impact on their society and could influence and inspire. Doc 4
Since education gave people a good sense of moral power, they were also self-governed, self-controlled. Education discouraged anarchy and unlawfulness. Education shaped people better suited for government and was seen ad government's right hand man. Doc 2
Uneducated people thought little for the law, but intelligent people had respect for the constitution and observed the laws. Of course the leaders of Europe, United States and Japan expanded education, because with education you get people better suited to actually follow the government, not only that but to offer themselves to the state. Doc.4
Japan saw the west as superior in education, for while Japan's schools saturated all of their lessons with confucian ideas, the west taught about the number and material culture, and also the spiritual culture, two topics which Japanese education was lacking.With these lessons the west produced better businessmen, they were better at managing national affairs and they encouraged a strong sense of patriotism. These things would have been great to teach in Japan for it would have improved their government, ecspiecially having a stronger sense of patriotism.
The documents cover United States, France, and Japan, but one huge powerful country that is missing is England! These documents cover mostly the 1800's, a time where England was at it's peak with the industrial revolution. England was at the top, and claimed they were the most civilized and smartest, so they must have some opinion on expanding education.
Women were always seen as either wives or potential wives. However, through education, women possessed the intelligence that changed how men viewed them in society. Once they were equal intellectually to men, they were also viewed as being more useful and independent. Doc 1
People once claimed that women shouldnt be offered the right to an education because they think differently than men. However, the men and women with the drive and desire to learn were going to be leading the future. And the intelligent women would be giving birth to the children of the future.Education was considered to give people important qualities such as wisdom, moral power,and dignity;qualities that were for the "survival of the fittest". Education was going to improve society. Doc3
People who possesed an education were considered wise, they persued learning and the arts,ad promoted common interest. People with an education had an impact on their society and could influence and inspire. Doc 4
Since education gave people a good sense of moral power, they were also self-governed, self-controlled. Education discouraged anarchy and unlawfulness. Education shaped people better suited for government and was seen ad government's right hand man. Doc 2
Uneducated people thought little for the law, but intelligent people had respect for the constitution and observed the laws. Of course the leaders of Europe, United States and Japan expanded education, because with education you get people better suited to actually follow the government, not only that but to offer themselves to the state. Doc.4
Japan saw the west as superior in education, for while Japan's schools saturated all of their lessons with confucian ideas, the west taught about the number and material culture, and also the spiritual culture, two topics which Japanese education was lacking.With these lessons the west produced better businessmen, they were better at managing national affairs and they encouraged a strong sense of patriotism. These things would have been great to teach in Japan for it would have improved their government, ecspiecially having a stronger sense of patriotism.
The documents cover United States, France, and Japan, but one huge powerful country that is missing is England! These documents cover mostly the 1800's, a time where England was at it's peak with the industrial revolution. England was at the top, and claimed they were the most civilized and smartest, so they must have some opinion on expanding education.
Thursday, May 14, 2009
TREATY WORDLE
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alt="Wordle: Svea's Awesome Wordle on the Spanish/Portugese Treaty"
style="padding:4px;border:1px solid #ddd">
CLICK ON THIS IT IS AWESMOME
alt="Wordle: Svea's Awesome Wordle on the Spanish/Portugese Treaty"
style="padding:4px;border:1px solid #ddd">
CLICK ON THIS IT IS AWESMOME
Thursday, April 9, 2009
feudalism
Feudalism in Europe and Japan
By Svea
Feudal System developed independently in two different societies that were very far away. This might prove that feudalism is in human nature.
Social
In Japan and Europe there were more similarities than differences in their feudal societies. The social system for both Japan and Europe was based on militaristic hierarchies. However there were differences in the layers of the hierarchies. Japenese heiarchy went as this-Emperor, Prince,nobility, court officials, shoguns, war lords, Samurai, and peasants. The European heiarchy went as this-king, nobles,knights, and peasants. There was also a heiarchy within the nobles, such as earls, counts... There was also a seperate heiarchy in both regions for religion.
Economy
For economy in the feudal system of both japan and Europe they were both both militaristic and regionalised. There were differences, however, like in Japan Samurai got money and in Europe Knights got land. Also, in Japan merchants were very low class in Japan. But in Europe merchants were relatively high class with more freedom. Another similarity would be that the two were both based on agricultural systems.
The reason why Europe valued merchants more could be that during the time of the middle ages, the merchants were the ones bringing in new things from different land that improved Europe. Not a lot of inventing was going n during this time for Europe so thet depended on the merchants a great deal. Japan had philosophers and inventors, so they were pretty well off, and did'nt need merchants as much as Europe.
Modern Consequence
These systems for both social and economical differences has influenced modern government. Like in democracy,with pork-barreling, and Parliament, which has a separation of powers.
Feudalism has been around since the middle ages, and not only affected Europe and Japan, but also Portugal, Tibet, China, Armenia and also India. With this similar system in affect so vastly around the globe, perhaps it shows human nature naturally falling into a hierarchy , social and economic system.
By Svea
Feudal System developed independently in two different societies that were very far away. This might prove that feudalism is in human nature.
Social
In Japan and Europe there were more similarities than differences in their feudal societies. The social system for both Japan and Europe was based on militaristic hierarchies. However there were differences in the layers of the hierarchies. Japenese heiarchy went as this-Emperor, Prince,nobility, court officials, shoguns, war lords, Samurai, and peasants. The European heiarchy went as this-king, nobles,knights, and peasants. There was also a heiarchy within the nobles, such as earls, counts... There was also a seperate heiarchy in both regions for religion.
Economy
For economy in the feudal system of both japan and Europe they were both both militaristic and regionalised. There were differences, however, like in Japan Samurai got money and in Europe Knights got land. Also, in Japan merchants were very low class in Japan. But in Europe merchants were relatively high class with more freedom. Another similarity would be that the two were both based on agricultural systems.
The reason why Europe valued merchants more could be that during the time of the middle ages, the merchants were the ones bringing in new things from different land that improved Europe. Not a lot of inventing was going n during this time for Europe so thet depended on the merchants a great deal. Japan had philosophers and inventors, so they were pretty well off, and did'nt need merchants as much as Europe.
Modern Consequence
These systems for both social and economical differences has influenced modern government. Like in democracy,with pork-barreling, and Parliament, which has a separation of powers.
Feudalism has been around since the middle ages, and not only affected Europe and Japan, but also Portugal, Tibet, China, Armenia and also India. With this similar system in affect so vastly around the globe, perhaps it shows human nature naturally falling into a hierarchy , social and economic system.
Saturday, January 31, 2009
Prince Shôtoku's Seventeen-Article Constitution
In the late 6th century Prince Shotoku wrote the seventeen article constitution.
The constitution he wrote talked about social protocol for the nobles and the countrymen. They were influenced by confucian ideas. With this article, we can see how the nobles acted and what was valued by the japenese.
Harmony should be valued and quarrels should be avoided. Everyone has his biases, and few men are far-sighted. Therefore some disobey their lords and fathers and keep up feuds with their neighbors. But when the superiors are in harmony with each other and the inferiors are friendly, then affairs are discussed quietly and the right view of matters prevails.
The three treasures, which are Buddha, the (Buddhist) Law and the (Buddhist) Priesthood; should be given sincere reverence, for they are the final refuge of all living things. Few men are so bad that they cannot be taught their truth.
Do not fail to obey the commands of your Sovereign. He is like Heaven, which is above the Earth, and the vassal is like the Earth, which bears up Heaven. When Heaven and Earth are properly in place, the four seasons follow their course and all is well in Nature. But if the Earth attempts to take the place of Heaven, Heaven would simply fall in ruin. That is why the vassal listens when the lord speaks, and the inferior obeys when the superior acts. Consequently when you receive the commands of your Sovereign, do not fail to carry them out or ruin will be the natural result.
The Ministers and officials of the state should make proper behavior their first principle, for if the superiors do not behave properly, the inferiors are disorderly; if inferiors behave improperly, offenses will naturally result. Therefore when lord and vassal behave with propriety, the distinctions of rank are not confused: when the people behave properly the Government will be in good order.
Deal impartially with the legal complaints which are submitted to you. If the man who is to decide suits at law makes gain his motive, and hears cases with a view to receiving bribes, then the suits of the rich man will be like a stone flung into water, meeting no resistance, while the complaints of the poor will be like water thrown upon a stone. In these circumstances the poor man will not know where to go, nor will he behave as he should.
Punish the evil and reward the good. This was the excellent rule of antiquity. Therefore do not hide the good qualities of others or fail to correct what is wrong when you see it. Flatterers and deceivers are a sharp weapon for the overthrow of the state, and a sharp sword for the destruction of the people. Men of this kind are never loyal to their lord, or to the people. All this is a source of serious civil disturbances.
Every man has his own work. Do not let the spheres of duty be confused. When wise men are entrusted with office, the sound of praise arises. If corrupt men hold office, disasters and tumult multiply. In all things, whether great or small, find the right man and they will be well managed. Therefore the wise sovereigns of antiquity sought the man to fill the office, and not the office to suit the man. If this is done the state will be lasting and the realm will be free from danger.
Ministers and officials should attend the Court early in the morning and retire late, for the whole day is hardly enough for the accomplishment of state business. If one is late in attending Court, emergencies cannot be met; if officials retire early, the work cannot be completed.
Good faith is the foundation of right. In everything let there be good faith, for if the lord and the vassal keep faith with one another, what cannot be accomplished? If the lord and the vassal do not keep faith with each other, everything will end in failure.
Let us control ourselves and not be resentful when others disagree with us, for all men have hearts and each heart has its own leanings. The right of others is our wrong, and our right is their wrong. We are not unquestionably sages, nor are they unquestionably fools. Both of us are simply ordinary men. How can anyone lay down a rule by which to distinguish right from wrong? For we are all wise sometimes and foolish at others. Therefore, though others give way to anger, let us on the contrary dread our own faults, and though we may think we alone are in the right, let us follow the majority and act like them.
Know the difference between merit and demerit, and deal out to each its reward and punishment. In these days, reward does not always follow merit, or punishment follow crime. You high officials who have charge of public affairs, make it your business to give clear rewards and punishments.
Do not let the local nobility levy taxes on the people. There cannot be two lords in a country; the people cannot have two masters. The sovereign is the sole master of the people of the whole realm, and the officials that he appoints are all his subjects. How can they presume to levy taxes on the people?
All people entrusted with office should attend equally to their duties. Their work may sometimes be interrupted due to illness or their being sent on missions. But whenever they are able to attend to business they should do so as if they knew what it was about and not obstruct public affairs on the grounds they are not personally familiar with them.
Do not be envious! For if we envy others, then they in turn will envy us. The evils of envy know no limit. If others surpass us in intelligence, we are not pleased; if they are more able, we are envious. But if we do not find wise men and sages, how shall the realm be governed?
To subordinate private interests to the public good--that is the path of a vassal. Now if a man is influenced by private motives, he will be resentful, and if he is influenced by resentment he will fail to act harmoniously with others. If he fails to act harmoniously with others, the public interest will suffer. Resentment interferes with order and is subversive of law.
Employ the people in forced labor at seasonable times. This is an ancient and excellent rule. Employ them in the winter months when they are at leisure, but not from Spring to Autumn, when they are busy with agriculture or with the mulberry trees (the leaves of which are fed to silkworms). For if they do not attend to agriculture, what will there be to eat? If they do not attend to the mulberry trees, what will there be for clothing?
Decisions on important matters should not be made by one person alone. They should be discussed with many people. Small matters are of less consequence and it is unnecessary to consult a number of people. It is only in the case of important affairs, when there is a suspicion that they may miscarry, that one should consult with others, so as to arrive at the right conclusion.
The constitution he wrote talked about social protocol for the nobles and the countrymen. They were influenced by confucian ideas. With this article, we can see how the nobles acted and what was valued by the japenese.
Harmony should be valued and quarrels should be avoided. Everyone has his biases, and few men are far-sighted. Therefore some disobey their lords and fathers and keep up feuds with their neighbors. But when the superiors are in harmony with each other and the inferiors are friendly, then affairs are discussed quietly and the right view of matters prevails.
The three treasures, which are Buddha, the (Buddhist) Law and the (Buddhist) Priesthood; should be given sincere reverence, for they are the final refuge of all living things. Few men are so bad that they cannot be taught their truth.
Do not fail to obey the commands of your Sovereign. He is like Heaven, which is above the Earth, and the vassal is like the Earth, which bears up Heaven. When Heaven and Earth are properly in place, the four seasons follow their course and all is well in Nature. But if the Earth attempts to take the place of Heaven, Heaven would simply fall in ruin. That is why the vassal listens when the lord speaks, and the inferior obeys when the superior acts. Consequently when you receive the commands of your Sovereign, do not fail to carry them out or ruin will be the natural result.
The Ministers and officials of the state should make proper behavior their first principle, for if the superiors do not behave properly, the inferiors are disorderly; if inferiors behave improperly, offenses will naturally result. Therefore when lord and vassal behave with propriety, the distinctions of rank are not confused: when the people behave properly the Government will be in good order.
Deal impartially with the legal complaints which are submitted to you. If the man who is to decide suits at law makes gain his motive, and hears cases with a view to receiving bribes, then the suits of the rich man will be like a stone flung into water, meeting no resistance, while the complaints of the poor will be like water thrown upon a stone. In these circumstances the poor man will not know where to go, nor will he behave as he should.
Punish the evil and reward the good. This was the excellent rule of antiquity. Therefore do not hide the good qualities of others or fail to correct what is wrong when you see it. Flatterers and deceivers are a sharp weapon for the overthrow of the state, and a sharp sword for the destruction of the people. Men of this kind are never loyal to their lord, or to the people. All this is a source of serious civil disturbances.
Every man has his own work. Do not let the spheres of duty be confused. When wise men are entrusted with office, the sound of praise arises. If corrupt men hold office, disasters and tumult multiply. In all things, whether great or small, find the right man and they will be well managed. Therefore the wise sovereigns of antiquity sought the man to fill the office, and not the office to suit the man. If this is done the state will be lasting and the realm will be free from danger.
Ministers and officials should attend the Court early in the morning and retire late, for the whole day is hardly enough for the accomplishment of state business. If one is late in attending Court, emergencies cannot be met; if officials retire early, the work cannot be completed.
Good faith is the foundation of right. In everything let there be good faith, for if the lord and the vassal keep faith with one another, what cannot be accomplished? If the lord and the vassal do not keep faith with each other, everything will end in failure.
Let us control ourselves and not be resentful when others disagree with us, for all men have hearts and each heart has its own leanings. The right of others is our wrong, and our right is their wrong. We are not unquestionably sages, nor are they unquestionably fools. Both of us are simply ordinary men. How can anyone lay down a rule by which to distinguish right from wrong? For we are all wise sometimes and foolish at others. Therefore, though others give way to anger, let us on the contrary dread our own faults, and though we may think we alone are in the right, let us follow the majority and act like them.
Know the difference between merit and demerit, and deal out to each its reward and punishment. In these days, reward does not always follow merit, or punishment follow crime. You high officials who have charge of public affairs, make it your business to give clear rewards and punishments.
Do not let the local nobility levy taxes on the people. There cannot be two lords in a country; the people cannot have two masters. The sovereign is the sole master of the people of the whole realm, and the officials that he appoints are all his subjects. How can they presume to levy taxes on the people?
All people entrusted with office should attend equally to their duties. Their work may sometimes be interrupted due to illness or their being sent on missions. But whenever they are able to attend to business they should do so as if they knew what it was about and not obstruct public affairs on the grounds they are not personally familiar with them.
Do not be envious! For if we envy others, then they in turn will envy us. The evils of envy know no limit. If others surpass us in intelligence, we are not pleased; if they are more able, we are envious. But if we do not find wise men and sages, how shall the realm be governed?
To subordinate private interests to the public good--that is the path of a vassal. Now if a man is influenced by private motives, he will be resentful, and if he is influenced by resentment he will fail to act harmoniously with others. If he fails to act harmoniously with others, the public interest will suffer. Resentment interferes with order and is subversive of law.
Employ the people in forced labor at seasonable times. This is an ancient and excellent rule. Employ them in the winter months when they are at leisure, but not from Spring to Autumn, when they are busy with agriculture or with the mulberry trees (the leaves of which are fed to silkworms). For if they do not attend to agriculture, what will there be to eat? If they do not attend to the mulberry trees, what will there be for clothing?
Decisions on important matters should not be made by one person alone. They should be discussed with many people. Small matters are of less consequence and it is unnecessary to consult a number of people. It is only in the case of important affairs, when there is a suspicion that they may miscarry, that one should consult with others, so as to arrive at the right conclusion.
Tuesday, January 6, 2009
Green hills above the northern wall,
White water winding east of the city.
On this spot our single act of parting,
The lonely tumbleweed journeys ten thousand li.
Drifting clouds echo the traveller's thoughts,
The setting sun reflects my old friend's feelings.
You wave your hand and set off from this place,
Your horse whinnies as it leaves.
Lai Bai is sad because his friend is leaving, and the tumbleweeds is a metaphor for lonliness and the setting sun is a metaphor for something ending.
the picture reminds me of the poem because of the clouds and it looked onely.
White water winding east of the city.
On this spot our single act of parting,
The lonely tumbleweed journeys ten thousand li.
Drifting clouds echo the traveller's thoughts,
The setting sun reflects my old friend's feelings.
You wave your hand and set off from this place,
Your horse whinnies as it leaves.
Lai Bai is sad because his friend is leaving, and the tumbleweeds is a metaphor for lonliness and the setting sun is a metaphor for something ending.
the picture reminds me of the poem because of the clouds and it looked onely.
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